"Identification and symptomatology of child neglect and abuse in the area of Dubrovnik"

Uvod: Zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje djece u obitelji nije samo problem obitelji, već je to problem društva u cjelini. Toleriranje zlostavljanja djece u obitelji ostavlja dugotrajne posljedice na cijelo društvo, stoga je važno jasno identificirati što je zlostavljanje, koji oblici zlostavljanja postoje i kako se suočavati s njima. Obitelj je primarna zajednica u kojoj bi dijete trebalo doživljavati pozitivna iskustva i emocije. Ako to izostane, dijete u primarnoj zajednici stvara krivu sliku o sebi i svijetu oko sebe. Takve okolnosti najčešće ostavljaju dugoročne posljedice na dijete, a njihov učinak može se smanjiti ako institucije i zajednica na vrijeme identificiraju zlostavljanje djeteta u obitelji te na to zlostavljanje pravovremeno i ispravno reagiraju, a s ciljem stvaranja boljeg i kvalitetnijeg društva. Cilj rada: Cilj ovog rada je ukazati na prisutnost zanemarivanja i zlostavljanja djece u našoj sredini te istaknuti simptome zanemarivanja i zlostavljanja kako bi se što ranije započelo sa stručnom intervencijom u korist djeteta. Ispitanici i metode: Podatci su prikupljeni iz Centra za socijalnu skrb Dubrovnik, a obuhvatili su razdoblje od 1.siječnja 2014. godine do 31.prosinca 2016. godine. U 2014.godini obuhvaćeno je 8 ispitanika, u 2015.godini 78 ispitanika te u 2016.godini 85 ispitanika. Rezultati: U 2014. godini bilježimo da su ispitanici (njih 6) s obzirom na vrstu povrede najčešće bili izloženi tjelesnom ili mentalnom nasilju (75 %). Njih 25% je bilo izloženo zanemarivanju ili nehajnom ponašanju, dok zlostavljanje ili izrabljivanje te spolna zlouporaba nije zabilježeno. U 2015. godini najveći broj djece (njih 42) bio je izložen tjelesnom ili mentalnom nasilju (53,8 %), zatim zanemarivanju ili nehajnom postupanju (28,2 %). Čak je njih 6 bilo izloženo spolnoj zloporabi (7,6 %), a 8 djece zlostavljanju ili izrabljivanju (10,4 %). U razdoblju od 1.siječnja 2016. godine do 31.prosinca 2016. godine s obzirom na vrstu povrede, najveći broj djece (njih 42) bio je izložen tjelesnom ili mentalnom nasilju (njih 42), zatim zanemarivanju ili nehajnom postupanju (njih 8). Zaključak: nakon obrade podataka rezultati su pokazali da je najveći broj djece bio izložen tjelesnom ili mentalnom nasilju, ali da su prijavljivani i slučajevi spolne zlouporabe.Introduction: Abuse and neglect of children in the family is not only the problem of the family, but the problem of the society as a whole. Tolerating child abuse in the family leaves long-lasting consequences on the whole society. It is therefore important to clearly identify what is abuse, what forms of abuse exist and how to deal with them. The family is the primary community in which the child should experience positive experiences and emotions. If this is absent, the child in the primary community creates the wrong image of himself and the world around him. Such circumstances often leave long-term consequences to the child, and their impact can be reduced if the institutions and the community timely identify abuse of the child in the family and abuse it in a timely and correct manner with the aim of creating a better and better quality society. Aim: The aim of this study is presence of neglect and abuse of children in our environment and to highlight the symptoms of neglect and abuse in order to initiate for early intervention with the child. Methods: The data were collected from the Social Welfare Center of Dubrovnik, covering the period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016. In 2014 there were 8 respondents, in 2015, 78 respondents, and in 2016 there were 85 respondents. Results: In 2014, the respondents (6 of them) were most often exposed to bodily or mental violence (75%) due to the type of injury. 25% of them were exposed to neglect or negligent behavior, while abuse or exploitation and sexual abuse were not recorded. In 2015, the largest number of children (42) were exposed to physical or mental violence (53.8%), then neglected or negligent (28.2%). Six of them were exposed to sexual abuse (7.6%) and 8 children were abused or exploited (10.4%). From 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2016, the highest number of children (42) was exposed to bodily or mental violence (42), followed by neglect or neglect (8). Conclusion: The largest number of children were exposed to physical or mental violence, but sexual abuse cases were also reported